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Objective:To explore the protective effect of α-lipoic acid (LA) on radiation damage of mice cochlear ribbon synapses.Methods:Mice were divided into five groups: control group, radiation 3 d group, radiation 3 d+ LA group, radiation 14 d group and radiation 14 d+ LA group. The radiation groups were irradiated with 16 Gy, the radiation+ LA groups were given LA once a day after radiation, the control group was given the same amount of normal saline. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) of mice were measured before irradiation and sacrifice. The number of ribbon synapses were observed with immunofluorescently labeled protein ctBP2. Western blot assay was performed to obtain the semi-quantitative expression levels of otoferlin and AP-2 protein.Results:Compared with the control group, the ABR threshold of radiation groups were significantly higher ( P<0.05) with the highest value at 14 d after irradiation ( P<0.05), and the ABR threshold of the radiation+ LA groups were significantly lower ( P<0.05). The ABR threshold shifts of 12 kHz, 24 kHz at 3 d and 14 d groups had no significant difference with 8 kHz threshold shift ( P>0.05). The 32 kHz threshold shift was significantly higher than 8 kHz threshold shift ( t=-2.38, -5.48, P<0.05). The number of ribbon synapses in the radiation groups was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05), with the lowest value in the radiation 14 d group. LA treatment increased the ABR value significantly ( P<0.05). AP-2 and otoferlin protein levels were significantly reduced after irradiation, especially in the radiation 14 d groups, and they were increased by the LA treatment. Conclusions:LA has protective effect on the ribbon synapses of cochlear hair cells.
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Objective:To study the quality of life and postoperative complications in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).Methods:The data from 319 patients who were admitted to Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University and underwent LC from October 2013 to October 2017 were reviewed. These patients were assessed by a questionnaire which was based on the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) before and after surgery.Results:The GIQLI scores on conscious symptoms, physiological function were significantly lower after surgery. The main postoperative complications were diarrhea (53.9%), decline in physical strength (30.1%), abdominal distension (25.4%), fatigue (26.9%) and abdominal pain (11.0%). Among patients with decline in physical strength, fatigue, and abdominal pain, 60.4%, 55.8%, and 51.4% of each of the groups, respectively, were associated with diarrhea. The incidences of severe diarrhea was 0.9%, severe fatigue was 0.3%, severe decline in physical strength 0% and severe abdominal pain 0%.Conclusions:The quality of life of patients declined after LC. The main postoperative complications were diarrhea, decline in physical strength, abdominal distension, fatigue and abdominal pain. However, the incidence of serious complications was small.
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Objective This study was designed to investigate the expression and potential role of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) impairment in D -galactose-induced inner ear aging mouse model .Methods Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups :the control group and D -galactose group ,20 mice for each .The D-galactose group mice were treated with a daily subcutaneous injection of the D -galactose solutions (800 mg · kg -1 · d-1 ) or an equal volume of normal saline(for the control group) in the nape back for 8 weeks .Eight weeks after D-galactose administration ,the effects of were measured by total Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity and Malon-dialdehyde (MDA) level in plasma .Immunofluoresence was performed to detect the location of the PP1 expression in the cochlea .Real-time PCR was performed to detect the level of PP1 mRNA in cochlea .A Western blot analysis was performed to analyze the protein levels of protein phosphates 1 nuclear targeting subunit (PNUTS) ,PP1 and caspase-3 in the inner ear .Results The MDA level was more significantly increased in the D -galactose group than in the control group ;however ,the total SOD activity was significantly decreased in the plasma of D -galactose- induced aging mice(P<0 .01) .The results showed that PP1 was predominantly localized in the nucleus and cyto-plasm of the hair cell ,spiral ganglion cell and stria vascularis cell .And the protein levels of PP1 and caspase-3 sig-nificantly increased ,and the level of PNUTS was decreased in the cochlea of the D -galactose group when compared to the control group .Conclusion PP1 contributes to the development of D -galactose-induced aging mice .
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Objective To observe the expression of protein phosphates 1 nuclear targeting subunit (PNUTS) in the cochlea of D-galactose induced ageing mice. Methods Twenty Kunming mice, six weeks old, cleaning degree, were randomly divided into two groups, control group and D-galactose group, ten mice for each group. Mice in D-galactose group were administrated with D-galactose at a dose of 800 mg/(kg · d) by subcutaneous injection for eight weeks. Mice in control group were injected with the same volume of saline. After eight weeks, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were collected to test the hearing thresholds of mice. Western blot assay was used to detect expressions of PNUTS and p53 protein. The expression and distribution of PNUTS in the cochlear Corti, spiral ganglion and striavascularis cells were observed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results There were no significant differences in ABRs at 8, 12 and 24 kHz between two groups. Protein expressions of PNUTS were located in the cochlear hair cells, spiral ganglion cells and striavascularis cells, and the expression level of cochlea was significantly decreased in D-galactose group than that in control group ( P<0.05). The expression level of p53 protein was significantly increased in D-galactose group than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion PNUTS is expressed in the normal mouse cochlea, and which is down-regulated in the cochlea of ageing mice induced by D-galactose.